For many individuals and couples, donor sperm is an important step in building a family. Whether due to male factor infertility, genetic conditions, or family structure, donor sperm offers a safe and effective way to achieve pregnancy through intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF).

At Fertility Centers of New England (FCNE), we guide intended parents through understanding sperm donation and the process with care, transparency, and support. This blog explains when donor sperm may be recommended, how the process works, and what to expect emotionally and medically.

Who May Benefit from Sperm Donation?

Sperm donation can help a wide variety of people achieve parenthood, including:

• Couples with male factor infertility such as low sperm count, poor motility, or azoospermia

• Single women by choice who wish to build their families

• LGBTQ+ couples, particularly lesbian couples or transgender individuals who require donor sperm

• Couples with genetic conditions that could be passed on biologically

• Patients who have undergone cancer treatment that affected sperm production

Sperm donation ensures that parenthood is possible even when sperm is not available or viable from the intended parent.

How the Sperm Donation Process Works

The sperm donation process at Fertility Centers of New England is designed to be safe, confidential, and effective. Here’s how it typically unfolds:

1. Initial Consultation

You’ll meet with a fertility specialist to discuss your goals, medical history, and whether sperm donation is the right choice.

2. Choosing a Donor

• Anonymous Donors – Most intended parents select from a sperm bank database. Donors are screened extensively for infectious diseases, genetic conditions, and overall health.

• Known Donors – Some families choose a relative, friend, or someone they know personally. Legal agreements are strongly recommended in these cases.

3. Fertility Treatment

Depending on your needs, donor sperm may be used in:

• IUI (Intrauterine Insemination): A simple procedure where donor sperm is placed directly into the uterus.

• IVF (In Vitro Fertilization): Donor sperm is combined with eggs in a lab, and the resulting embryo is transferred into the uterus.

4. Pregnancy Test & Follow-Up

Two weeks after treatment, a pregnancy test is performed. If successful, ongoing monitoring and early pregnancy care are provided.

Choosing Between Anonymous and Known Donors

Both options can work well, but there are important differences to consider:

• Anonymous Sperm Donors

  • Selected from licensed sperm banks

  • Rigorously screened for health and genetics

  • Profiles often include physical traits, education, and interests

• Known Sperm Donors

  • May be a family member, friend, or acquaintance

  • Require legal contracts to establish parental rights

  • Still must undergo full medical and infectious disease screening

Our team at Fertility Centers of New England helps patients navigate both choices to ensure safety and legal clarity.

Success Rates with Donor Sperm

Success rates depend on several factors, including maternal age, the fertility treatment chosen (IUI vs. IVF), and overall reproductive health. Generally:

• IUI with donor sperm has good success rates, especially for younger women with no other fertility issues.

• IVF with donor sperm often provides higher success rates, particularly when combined with donor eggs or for patients with additional fertility concerns.

Your physician will guide you through understanding sperm donation and the treatment options that most likely result in a healthy pregnancy.

Emotional Considerations

Using donor sperm can bring up a wide range of emotions. Some intended parents feel grief about not having a genetic link, while others feel immediate excitement and relief at having a path forward. For single parents by choice and LGBTQ+ couples, donor sperm may feel like an empowering opportunity.

At Fertility Centers of New England, we encourage counseling and emotional support to help navigate these feelings. Our patients also find comfort in talking with others who have chosen sperm donation.

Legal Considerations

Legal agreements are critical, especially when using a known donor. Contracts protect the rights of the intended parents and clearly establish that the donor has no parental responsibilities.

At FCNE, we collaborate with experienced reproductive law professionals to ensure every family-building journey is secure and transparent.

Frequently Asked Questions About Sperm Donation

Is sperm donation safe?
Yes. Donors are screened for infectious diseases, genetic conditions, and overall health.

Will my child know their donor?
This depends on whether you choose an anonymous donor, a known donor, or an open-ID donor who allows children to contact them when they turn 18.

Can we choose physical traits in a sperm donor?
Yes. Donor databases provide information about appearance, education, and interests so you can choose a donor who feels right for your family.

How much does sperm donation cost?
Costs vary depending on the donor source and whether IUI or IVF is used. FCNE provides financial counseling to help plan with confidence.

Why Choose Fertility Centers of New England

At Fertility Centers of New England, we’ve helped countless families grow through understanding sperm donation. Our approach combines:

• Access to reputable sperm banks with highly screened donors

• Personalized guidance on choosing the right donor for your family

• Compassionate emotional support throughout the process

• Expertise in IUI and IVF with donor sperm

• Inclusive care for single parents, LGBTQ+ couples, and all patients

Take the Next Step

If you’re considering sperm donation, you don’t have to make the decision alone. Our team at Fertility Centers of New England is here to answer your questions, explain your options, and support you every step of the way.

Schedule a consultation today to learn more about how sperm donation can help you achieve your dream of parenthood.